Crimson Clover

Trifolium incarnatum

Family Fabaceae

Annual annualZones 2-11

Botanical illustration of Crimson Clover

Crimson clover is soil improvement disguised as a flower show. Sown on a bare bed, it races up and erupts into a sheet of strawberry-red spikes so vivid that farmers plant highway margins with it just for the view — and underneath, its roots are quietly banking nitrogen for whatever you grow next.

Bees and beneficial insects mob the bloom, weeds never get a foothold, and when the show ends the whole plant becomes green manure that feeds the bed it grew in. Beauty, forage, and fertility from one cheap packet — every empty bed is a chance to sow it.

Where to buy crimson clover — 3 nurseries compared

  • Full Sun
  • Moderate water
  • Fast growth
  • Attracts bees
  • None winter chill
Crimson Clover — a print from the Plant Library collection

From the print shop

Growing crimson clover? Hang it.

Our Plant Library collection carries crimson clover — Trifolium incarnatum, print Nº 138, “Crimson Clover.”

526 designsfrom $12.99white or black backgroundmatte poster, unframed

Shop Plant Library botanical prints →

✓

Will it fruit where you are?

Enter your ZIP — we look up your USDA hardiness zone (2023 map) and check it against what crimson clover actually needs.

Life cycleAnnual
Winter chillNone

Crimson Clover · Common problems

Common crimson clover problems

Pests, diseases and weather to keep an eye on.

Pests

1 problem on file

  • Almost none

Diseases

1 problem on file

  • Almost none

Crimson Clover · Growing & propagation

Growing crimson clover

Light, water, soil, propagation and the season’s jobs.
What it needsThe details
Light
Full Sun
Water
Moderate
Soil
Any

Nitrogen-fixer · pH 6.0 - 7.0

Fertilizer
None

It MAKES nitrogen

Pruning
Cut/till at bloom

Sow in fall (overwinters in mild zones) or early spring; it fixes nitrogen, smothers weeds, and blooms a knockout crimson before you till it in. Terminate at flowering for maximum nitrogen, before it sets hard seed.

Spacing
Broadcast dense

How to plant & propagate crimson clover

Propagate
From seed

Crimson Clover · Calculators & field guides

A little help in the garden.

Calculators for the figures. Field guides for the hands-on work.

Crimson Clover · Yearly calendar

The crimson clover year, month by month

What crimson clover asks for, month by month.

Jan

No calendar activity is listed for this month.

MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Bloom

BloomMarch to May

What each band means

  • Bloom — flowers open — pollinators working, frost on blossoms is the danger.

These are the species' typical months — expect them a few weeks earlier in warm zones and later in cold ones. Watch the plant, not just the calendar.

Crimson Clover · Ecology & uses

Ecology & uses

What it does for the garden, and what it is grown for.
Botanical illustration of Crimson Clover

Trifolium incarnatum

Crimson Clover in the garden system

  • Groundcover layer annual
  • N-fixer
  • Nectary/insectary
Attracts
Bees
Moisture
Facultative / average
Deer
Browsed

Protect young plants

Origin
Introduced

What crimson clover is grown for

✓ Commonly eaten

Use
Nitrogen fixing
Use
Bee forage
Use
Weed smothering
Use
Green manure

Harvesting & storing crimson clover

Cover crop — cut/till at flowering as green manure; also a beautiful bee forage.

Edibility, identification, and traditional-use notes here are general reference — not medical or veterinary advice, and not a claim that any plant treats or prevents anything. Medicinal ratings record how strongly a plant features in herbal tradition, nothing more. Never eat or dose a plant you have not positively identified. More on how to use this library.

Crimson Clover · Varieties & cultivars

Choosing a crimson clover variety

Match the plant to your climate, season and available space.

'Dixie'; 'AU Robin' (reseeding)

Sources & plant identity

Know what you’re growing.
See where the knowledge comes from.

Botanical illustration of Crimson Clover

Crimson Clover

Trifolium incarnatum

The plant, at a glance.

Botanical name
Trifolium incarnatum
Plant family
Fabaceae
Growth habit
Annual
Origin
Introduced
USDA plant symbol
TRIN3
Invasive risk
Low
Every garden is different.

Hardiness, size and timing vary with your cultivar, soil and climate.

Rooted in research.

University extension research, brought together with hands-on growing experience at Story Thyme Farms.

Questions

Crimson Clover questions, answered straight.

Is crimson clover safe for kids and pets?

Crimson Clover is commonly eaten and isn't considered toxic, but "commonly eaten" isn't a guarantee for any particular person or animal — allergies, quantity, and which part you eat all matter. Never eat a plant you haven't positively identified, and check with a vet before letting pets or livestock graze anything new.

When do you harvest crimson clover?

Cover crop — cut/till at flowering as green manure; also a beautiful bee forage.

How do you propagate crimson clover?

From seed.

Elsewhere

Where crimson clover sits in the library.